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How do Firms Adapt? A Fuzzy-Set Analysis of the Role of Cognition and Capabilities in U.S. Defense Firms’ Responses to 9/11

Vergne, Jean-Philippe; Depeyre, Colette (2016), How do Firms Adapt? A Fuzzy-Set Analysis of the Role of Cognition and Capabilities in U.S. Defense Firms’ Responses to 9/11, Academy of Management Journal, 59, 5, p. 1653-1680. 10.5465/amj.2013.1222

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AMJ_Forthcoming_SSRN-id2678189.pdf (1.120Mb)
Type
Article accepté pour publication ou publié
Date
2016-10
Journal name
Academy of Management Journal
Volume
59
Number
5
Pages
1653-1680
Publication identifier
10.5465/amj.2013.1222
Metadata
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Author(s)
Vergne, Jean-Philippe

Depeyre, Colette
Dauphine Recherches en Management [DRM]
Abstract (EN)
How do firms adapt? In recent years, this old question has attracted new answers—albeit partial ones. On the one hand, cognition researchers have emphasized managerial attention to environmental change as a key driver of adaptation. On the other hand, dynamic capabilities scholars have underscored the role of asset reconfigurations implemented amid shifting environments. However, the explanatory powers of the two perspectives have not yet been assessed comparatively. This mixed methods study uses fuzzy-set analyses of defense firms’ responses to 9/11 to model the two perspectives as potentially competing or complementary, while our findings suggest that neither dynamic capabilities nor superior cognition must be present for firms to adapt. Instead, we identify four types of adapters (anticipative, responsive, opportunistic, and decisive), as well as the possibility of strategic non-adaptation. These results lead us to reassess the cognition and capabilities literatures and to outline a new, integrative framework to explain adaptation.
Subjects / Keywords
Adaptation; Asset reconfiguration; Attention; Capabilities; Cognition; Defense industry; QCA
JEL
L64 - Other Machinery; Business Equipment; Armaments
O30 - General

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