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Governing Occupational Exposure Using Thresholds: A Policy Biased Toward Industry

Henry, Emmanuel (2021), Governing Occupational Exposure Using Thresholds: A Policy Biased Toward Industry, Science, Technology, & Human Values, 46, 5, p. 953-974. 10.1177/01622439211015300

Type
Article accepté pour publication ou publié
External document link
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/01622439211015300
Date
2021
Journal name
Science, Technology, & Human Values
Volume
46
Number
5
Publisher
Sage
Pages
953-974
Publication identifier
10.1177/01622439211015300
Metadata
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Author(s)
Henry, Emmanuel
Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Sciences Sociales [IRISSO]
Abstract (EN)
Strongly grounded in scientific knowledge, the instrument known as occupational exposure limits or threshold limit values has changed government modalities of exposure to hazardous chemicals in workplaces, transforming both the substance of the problem at hand and the power dynamics between the actors involved. Some of the characteristics of this instrument favor the interests of industries at the expense of employees, their representatives, and the authorities in charge of regulating these risks. First, this instrument can be analyzed as a boundary object that has very different uses in space and time. In particular, it is increasingly masking its industrial origins to appear as an instrument that is almost exclusively based on scientific rationale. In the case of asbestos and its substitutes, the use of an instrument relying on scientific expertise generates a specific temporality of implementation that allows manufacturers to take advantage of periods during which regulations are either nonexistent or very loose. Finally, the choice of a technoscientific definition of the issues contributes to shifting the negotiations to a field where companies are in a position of strength and their opponents are weakened.
Subjects / Keywords
expertise; health regulation; occupational health; politics; power; governance; industry

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