Résumé (EN)

Modern organizations have to deal with many drastic external and internal constraints due notably to the globalization of the economy, the fast technological changes, and the shifts in customers demand. Moreover, organizations functionally divided and hierarchical internal structures are too rigid and make difficult their adjustment to the changing constraints resulting from the pressure of their external environment. Consequently, to survive and maintain their competitive advantage in the market, modern organizations must alter their internal structure to become organic and flexible systems able to adapt and progress in a high velocity environment. Virtual organizations are among the most popular solutions which provide organizations with more agility and improve their efficiency and effectiveness. Despite many success stories materialized by economic and non-economic benefits, many virtual organizations have failed to reach their goals due to the problems they have encountered while trying to manage knowledge. In this work, we analyze the barriers and enablers of knowledge management in virtual organizations.